Developments in the sociology of the body and the sociology of health impel us to investigate embodiment resistances against hegemonic biomedical definitions of normativity. Bearing in mind that the body is a social object defined by institutions, the analysis of body itineraries leads us to glimpse modes of subversion, resistance and destabilization of biomedical definitions. This article deals with the role of modern science and technology in the observation and diagnosis of the body and its consequences in the definition of (...) health and disease, the normal and the pathological. Second, biomedicine is analysed as an institution that orders gender and underpins sexual dimorphism through debates on depathologization and dysnormality. The implications of technology and medicine in the processes of neoliberal subjectivation promoted by body optimization practices are also discussed. (shrink)

Having emerged as an important concept in the organizational field, entrepreneurial orientation has also become a key idea in the context of education. Indeed, entrepreneurial education is now one of the common objectives for education and training systems in the European Union. Despite its importance, however, there is a scarcity of valid and reliable measures for assessing entrepreneurial orientation in students. The present study aimed to address this by developing and examining the psychometric properties of the Entrepreneurial Orientation Scale (EOS). (...) A second objective is to study the relationships between entrepreneurial orientation and gender, self-efficacy, and personal initiative. The sample comprised 411 vocational training students (50.36% male, 49.64% female). The final version of the instrument comprised 32 items assessing six dimensions: innovativeness, risk-taking, proactiveness, competitiveness, achievement orientation, and learning orientation. The EOS showed good psychometric properties and its dimensions demonstrated concurrent relationships with self-efficacy and personal initiative. The EOS may be used to measure entrepreneurial orientation in the educational context and to evaluate interventions designed to promote an entrepreneurial spirit in schools, colleges, and universities. (shrink)

Grau and Pury (Review of Philosophy and Psychology, 5, 155–168, 2014) reported that people’s views about love are related to their views about reference. This surprising effect was however not replicated in Cova et al.’s (in press) replication study. In this article, we show that the replication failure is probably due to the replication’s low power and that a metaanalytic reanalysis of the result in Cova et al. suggests that the effect reported in Grau and Pury is real. (...) We then report a large, highly powered replication that successfully replicates Grau and Pury 2014. This successful replication is a case study in the challenges involved in replicating scientific work, and our article contributes to the discussion of these challenges. (shrink)

La intención de este artículo es ofrecer una idea general de la historia de la retórica y repasar sus etapas principales, para así analizar mejor las tendencias actuales. Esta reseña histórica, además, permitirá ver la evolución y los cambios de la retórica y, sobre todo, las relaciones entre sus características en el pasado y las que tiene en el momento presente./////The aim of this article is to offer a general idea of the history of the Rhetoric and to revise its (...) principal stages, in order to analyze better the current trends. This historical review, besides, will allow to see the evolution and the changes of the Rhetoric and,especially, the relationships between its characteristics in the past and those that it has currently. (shrink)

Alexis de Tocqueville mantuvo una muy abundante correspondencia a lo largo de su vida. Familiares y relevantes contemporáneos, no sólo franceses, figuran entre sus destinatarios. Sus cartas ofrecen una parte esencial de su pensamiento, expuesto con la libertad propia del género epistolar, y representan una componente de primera importancia dentro de su obra literaria. Las Cartas Americanas, escritas entre abril de 1831 y febrero de 1832 con ocasión de su viaje al Nuevo Mundo, son un buen ejemplo. Además, por servir (...) de referencia inmediata a su gran obra, La democracia en América, cobran un valor excepcional. Cabe pensar que este apartado de la correspondencia tocquevillana, acotado en el tiempo a la perfección, está bien estudiado al día de hoy. Sin embargo una carta, dirigida a su hermano Edouard 3 el 20 de junio de 1831 desde Nueva York e inédita hasta este momento, evidencia que no es así. A ello nos referimos en este trabajo. (shrink)

Hacia la construcción de políticas públicas a favor de las mujeres migrantes. Caso Chiapas, México Nancy Pérez García (Coord.) Incide Social, A.C. Sin Fronteras, I.A.P. México, 2010. Mujeres migrantes en el Soconusco. Situación de su derecho a la salud, a la identidad y al trabajo Nancy Pérez García y Genoveva Roldán Dávila (Coords.) Incide Social, A.C., México, 2011.

La perspectiva de la Razón Abierta propone un método propio para el repensamiento de las ciencias. En concreto, sugiere analizar el contenido de cualquier ciencia desde las claves de la antropología fisiológica, la epistemología, la ética y la cuestión del sentido último. El artículo ofrece una primera definición del objeto formal y material de la ciencia gastronómica tal y como se entiende hoy en el ámbito universitario. A partir de aquí se analiza cómo, de las cuatro preguntas que propone la (...) razón abierta, la cuestión antropológica obliga especialemten a repensar contenidos, dimensiones y alcance de la Gastronomía. En relación con las otras cuatro preguntas, el estudio se limita solo a apuntar un primer acercamiento que se ampliará en ulteriores investigaciones. (shrink)

In order to explore the political and transformative potential of bodies in relation to gender and affects, I discuss how bodies, gender and politics are entangled through the figuration of ‘overflown bodies’. Departing from a material-discursive feminist conceptualisation of bodies, ‘overflown bodies’ are assemblages embedded in complex relationships of matter, discourse, emotions, affects, ideologies, protest, norms, values, relations, practices, expectations and other possibilities of (for) social and political action. Three ethnographic cases illustrate how ‘overflown bodies’ assemble matter and discourse, and (...) how matter, bodies and gender matter. They are used to explore the political possibilities of gendered bodies and show how matter is entangled, embedded and assembled with our politics of being. The three cases interrogate the limits and boundaries of bodies and the modes and modalities of (political) agency. Finally, the article argues that it is through visibility and recognition that ‘overflown bodies’ become critically and creatively transforming, which can be useful for addressing issues related to exclusion, domination, political emancipation and social transformation. (shrink)

Las discusiones sobre la intencionalidad en la Filosofía de la mente contemporánea se plantean en un marco un tanto ajeno al de la Fenomenología, bajo la suposición, de modo bastante generalizado, de que hay una separación entre intencionalidad y consciencia . Mi objetivo en este artículo es, en primer lugar, exponer tal supuesto. En segundo lugar, presentar los elementos clave de la teoría de la intencionalidad en las Investigaciones Lógicas de Husserl para presentar una visión que se opone a tal (...) separación. Y, en tercer lugar, finalizar con un tema común a ambos espacios de discusión, el de una experiencia o vivencia propia del pensamiento, que surge como un problema para muchas visiones analíticascontemporáneas y que tiene una explicación que puede derivarse de la concepción de Husserl.In contemporary Philosophy of mind, discussions about intentionality areset up in a quite different framework from the phenomenological one, assuming, in general, a separation between intentionality and consciousness. My aim in this paper is, firstly, to present this assumption. Secondly, I will put forward the key elements of Husserl's theory of intentionality in the Logical Investigations in order to present a view which is opposed to this assumption. And thirdly, I will end up with a common topic for both frameworks, that is, the topic of a specific experience of thinking, which emerges as a problem for many contemporary analytic views and which has an explanation that can be derived from Husserl's conception. (shrink)

This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the "public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be (...) preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant. (shrink)

En 2015, la ONU aprobó 17 Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) integrados en la Agenda 2030. Siguiendo esta línea, y dada su relevancia, las universidades europeas están integrando el desarrollo sostenible en sus planes de estudio. El objetivo de esta propuesta consistirá en desarrollar una experiencia piloto donde nuestros estudiantes a través del aprendizaje cooperativo formen equipos de trabajo agrupados según el test Riso-Hudson (1999) garantice el máximo rendimiento. Como resultado se ofrecerá una medida de la rentabilidad que aporta la (...) incorporación de la sostenibilidad en los proyectos de inversión empresariales a la par que la creación de valor sostenible. (shrink)

Alain Grau La double homoousie confessée par le concile de Chalcédoine est sans doute un des concepts parmi les plus difficiles légués par la tradition dogmatique. Que peut signifier que le Christ soit homoousion à nous, et à chacun d’entre nous? Peut-on, sans dommage pour la raison, donc univoquement, passer de la compréhension trinitaire, classique depuis Nicée, à une application anthropologique? Si tel est le cas, il faut donner à la seconde homoousie une intelligibilité située au croisement de la (...) théologie et de l’économie, dont le centre géométrique se trouve en He 5,8. La christologie ne peut donc plus être pensée à partir de deux natures soi-disant connues — ne serait-ce que métaphysiquement — dont il suffirait de comprendre le mode de conjonction dans le Christ, mais uniquement sur le plan hypostatique selon sa double définition. L’hypothèse de l’univocité de la confession chalcédonienne qui est nôtre offre une signification à la divinisation en découvrant son lieu propre, à condition de définir à nouveaux frais la notion d’hypostase, étant entendu que celle-ci est celle du Verbe dans cet homme « parfait » qui est Jésus. (shrink)

This is the first book to explore and address the philosophical aspects of Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind. Beginning with a helpful introduction that places each essay in context, specially commissioned chapters examine the following topics: -/- * Philosophical issues surrounding love, friendship, affirmation and repetition * The role of memory (and the emotions) in personal identity and decision-making * The morality of imagination and ethical importance of memory * Philosophical questions about self-knowledge and knowing the minds of others (...) * The aesthetics of the film considered in relation to Gondry’s other works and issues in the philosophy of perception. (shrink)

Grau reconsiders the relationship between "logos" and "mythos" as a precondition to opening theological hermeneutics to discourse from other cultures and genres, other modes of telling and retelling.

The topic of this paper concerns the relation between thinking and phenomenality as it is discussed in the Philosophy of Mind. Thus, I am addressing the following questions: does the domain of phenomenal consciousness include thinking? And if so, is the phenomenality of thinking (PT) proprietary or not? I will firstly present the debate and the main notions involved in it, by contrasting a certain mainstream picture of the mind with the one offered by Phenomenology. Second, I will consider the (...) particular question of a proprietary phenomenology of conscious thought through the examination of the reductionist and antireductionist positions, concluding with a sceptical remark towards this dialectics. (shrink)

This is a draft of a talk I have given at several venues. At one point I planned to revise it for inclusion in the Oxford Handbook I co-edited, but for various reasons I decided against that. Since I still think it contains some useful material, I have uploaded it here. Feedback welcome.

In this paper I discuss whether there is a specific experience of thinking or not. I address this question by analysing if it is possible to reduce the phenomenal character of thinking to the phenomenal character of sensory experiences. My purpose is to defend that there is a specific phenomenality for at least some thinking mental states. I present Husserl's theory of intentionality in the Logical Investigations as a way to defend this claim and I consider its assumptions. Then I (...) present the case of understanding as a paradigmatic case for the phenomenal contrast argument and I defend it against two objections. (shrink)

Business Ethics, the Environment &Responsibility, Volume 31, Issue 4, Page 1014-1039, October 2022.

The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy of Love offers a wide array of original essays on the nature and value of love. The editors, Christopher Grau and Aaron Smuts, have assembled an esteemed group of thinkers, including both established scholars and younger voices. The volume contains thirty-three essays addressing both issues about love as well as key philosophers who have contributed to the philosophy of love, such as Plato, Kierkegaard, Schopenhauer, and Murdoch. The topics range from central issues about the (...) nature and variety of love, the possibility of its rational justification, and whether it is an emotion, to the significance of love for law, economics, morality, and free will. The volume also contains an introduction to the subject as well as essays on love’s relation to jealousy, biotechnology, religion, knowledge, and several other topics. This wide-ranging handbook will be a key resource for specialists working on the philosophy of love, and a helpful guide for those looking to learn more about the area. (shrink)

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) programs are increasingly popular corporate marketing strategies. This paper argues that CSR programs can fall along a continuum between two endpoints: Institutionalized programs and Promotional programs. This classification is based on an exploratory study examining the variance of four responses from the consumer stakeholder group toward these two categories of CSR. Institutionalized CSR programs are argued to be most effective at increasing customer loyalty, enhancing attitude toward the company, and decreasing consumer skepticism. Promotional CSR programs are (...) argued to be more effective at generating purchase intent. Ethical and managerial implications of these preliminary findings are discussed. (shrink)

Este artículo analiza un grupo de producciones audiovisuales latinoamericanas a la luz del problema de lo “necropolítico” de Achile Mbembe. Estas películas y series de televisión se han producido desde los años noventa del siglo xx hasta la actualidad, y tienen como universo temático el mundo delincuencial de ciudades latinoamericanas, corpus que he conceptualizado anteriormente dentro de la estética audiovisual como Noir Lumpen latinoamericano. Dentro de esto, nos posibilitará pensar un problema extracinematográfico: cómo las formas “necropolíticas” son el régimen biopolítico (...) en que viven vastos sectores de las sociedades latinoamericanas y que sus espacios urbanos no toman las formas de la cárcel panóptica foucaultiana, sino las formas de los pabellones penitenciarios latinoamericanos. (shrink)

For Nicholas of Cusa, excellence, worship, law and discipline are not the ways to arrive at divine wisdom and eternal life; instead, virtuous life, keeping the commandments, sensible devotion, mortification of the flesh, scorning the world, and everything that shows love and fear of God are the true ways. These points, which were considered essential to strengthening the religious experience for church members and leading the soul to knowledge of God, had been insisted upon already by thinkers before Cusanus, from (...) Wycliffe to Hus, and including the authors of Devotio Moderna.. (shrink)

Suarez's psychology starts from the triple Aristotelian distinction of the soul: vegetative, sensitive and rational. Having appreciated the need and function of the agent and possible intellects in the human knowledge, especially in the universal ones, we have proceeded to analyse its essential characteristics. The agent intellect is presented as a noncognizant faculty limited to the lighting of images and the production of species.

Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende qualitative Fallanalyse befasst sich mit dem Einstieg junger Menschen in die Szene der sogenannten Ultras und dessen Bedingungsfaktoren. Dazu wurden zwei problemzentrierte Interviews mit einer weiblichen Anwärterin und einem männlichen Anwärter auf eine Mitgliedschaft in einer Ultra-Gruppe geführt. Es wird den Fragen nachgegangen, wie die AspirantInnen den Einstieg bewältigen und welche Bedeutung der Kategorie des Geschlechts zukommt. Dabei werden die je subjektiven Erwartungen, Prozesse, Bedeutungsgehalte und Konflikte analysiert. Es zeigt sich, dass trotz einiger Parallelen die Einstiegsprozesse sehr (...) unterschiedlich verlaufen. Dabei kommt insbesondere den Kategorien des Geschlechts, des Beziehungsstandes sowie des Alters zentrale Bedeutung zu. Der Beitrag erweitert damit die Forschung über Fußballfangruppen um den wichtigen Prozess des Szenezugangs. (shrink)

El texto tiene como inspiración el tratamiento que hiciera Humberto Giannini (1997) de los llamados “pecados capitales” en su negatividad, en tanto “espíritus del mal”, a partir de los sentidos de la tradición cristiana. Daremos cuenta de la interpretación que hace de esos “espíritus del mal”, centrándonos en los “pecados” de la lujuria y la gula, poniendo esta interpretación en relación con otros meandros de interés propio que hacen sentido para una reflexión sobre el placer, de la que siempre estaremos (...) en deuda por ser este esquivo a su comprensión recortada, dadas sus posibilidades relacionales ilimitadas que sobrepasan la experiencia o la imaginación particulares y restringidas que cada cual tiene. (shrink)

In this essay, I argue that a proper understanding of the historicity of love requires an appreciation of the irreplaceability of the beloved. I do this through a consideration of ideas that were first put forward by Robert Kraut in “Love De Re” (1986). I also evaluate Amelie Rorty's criticisms of Kraut's thesis in “The Historicity of Psychological Attitudes: Love is Not Love Which Alters Not When It Alteration Finds” (1986). I argue that Rorty fundamentally misunderstands Kraut's Kripkean analogy, and (...) I go on to criticize her claim that concern over the proper object of love should be best understood as a concern over constancy. This leads me to an elaboration of the distinct senses in which love can be seen as historical. I end with a further defense of the irreplaceability of the beloved and a discussion of the relevance of recent debates over the importance of personal identity for an adequate account of the historical dimension of love. (shrink)

The Matrix trilogy is unique among recent popular films in that it is constructed around important philosophical questions--classic questions which have fascinated philosophers and other thinkers for thousands of years. Editor Christopher Grau here presents a collection of new, intriguing essays about some of the powerful and ancient questions broached by The Matrix and its sequels, written by some of the most prominent and reputable philosophers working today. They provide intelligent, accessible, and thought-provoking examinations of the philosophical issues that (...) support the films. Philosophers Explore The Matrix includes an introduction that surveys the use of philosophical ideas in the film. Topics that the contributors tackle include: how a collaborative dream could differ from hallucination, the difference between the Matrix and the "real" world; why living in the Matrix would be considered "bad"; the similarities between the Matrix and Plato's Cave; the moral status of artificially created beings, whether one can behave immorally in illusory circumstances, and the true nature of free will and responsibility. This volume also includes an appendix of classic philosophical writing on these issues by Plato, Berkeley, Descartes, Putnam, and Nozick. Philosophers Explore The Matrix will fascinate any fan of the films who wants to delve deeper into their themes, as well as any student of philosophy who desires an accessible entry into this challenging and profoundly vital world of ideas. (shrink)

This essay begins with a consideration of one way in which animals and persons may be valued as “irreplaceable.” Drawing on both Plato and Pascal, I consider reasons for skepticism regarding the legitimacy of this sort of attachment. While I do not offer a complete defense against such skepticism, I do show that worries here may be overblown due to the conflation of distinct metaphysical and normative concerns. I then go on to clarify what sort of value is at issue (...) in cases of irreplaceable attachment. I characterize “unique value” as the kind of value attributed to a thing when we take that thing to be (theoretically, not just practically) irreplaceable. I then consider the relationship between this sort of value and intrinsic value. After considering the positions of Gowans, Moore, Korsgaard, Frankfurt, and others, I conclude that unique value is best understood not as a variety of intrinsic value but rather as one kind of final value that is grounded in the extrinsic properties of the object. (shrink)

The Oxford Handbook of the Philosophy of Love offers a wide array of original essays on the nature and value of love. The editors, Christopher Grau and Aaron Smuts, have assembled an esteemed group of thinkers, including both established scholars and younger voices. The volume contains thirty-three essays addressing both issues about love as well as key philosophers who have contributed to the philosophy of love, such as Plato, Kierkegaard, Schopenhauer, and Murdoch. The topics range from central issues about (...) the nature and variety of love, the possibility of its rational justification, and whether it is an emotion, to the significance of love for law, economics, morality, and free will. The volume also contains an introduction to the subject as well as essays on love’s relation to jealousy, biotechnology, religion, knowledge, and several other topics. This wide-ranging handbook will be a key resource for specialists working on the philosophy of love, and a helpful guide for those looking to learn more about the area. (shrink)

This paper offers several criticisms of the account of rightholding laid out in S. Matthew Liao’s recent paper “The Basis of Human Moral Status.” I argue that Liao’s account both does too much and too little: it grants rightholder status to those who may not deserve it, and it does not provide grounds for offering such status to those who arguably do deserve it. Given these troubling aspects of his approach, I encourage Liao to abandon his “physical basis of moral (...) agency” account of moral status and instead adopt a position closer to a traditional “speciesist” view. (shrink)